Additionally, studies have shown an association between PMS and PMDD symptoms, and certain risk factors, such as:
- Consuming a lot of sugar or caffeine
- Consuming processed, fatty or fried foods
- Drinking alcohol
- Existing mental health conditions
- Family history of premenstrual mood issues
- Lack of exercise
- Poor sleep quality
- Stress
Both PMS and PMDD are diagnosed based on symptom patterns
A PMS or PMDD diagnosis is mainly based on when your symptoms appear. In both PMS and PMDD, symptoms specifically appear during the luteal phase (the second half of the menstrual cycle when your body prepares for a period or pregnancy). Because of this, a doctor may ask you to track your premenstrual symptoms for at least two menstrual cycles. For a PMDD diagnosis, you must have at least five PMS symptoms, with at least one of the “core” emotional symptoms listed above.
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